Improvement in stone-crushing apparatus



A., H. SMITH.

Patented N0v.7v,1871.

Improvement in Stone Crushing Apparatus.

UNIT D STATES FFIGE.

PATENT AUSTIN H. SMITH, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 120,784, dated November7, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUSTIN H. SMITH, of Brooklyn, Kings county, NewYork, have invented and made an Improvement in Stone- CrushingApparatus; and the following is declared to be a correct descriptionthereof.

Stone-crushing machines have been made with one jaw stationary and theother movable, and having a swinging or rocking motion so as to crackand break the stone or ore between the corrugated surfaces of said jaws.Difficulty has been experienced in applying the power to the moving jawwithout great loss by friction and risk of the parts breaking when anyhard piece, such as a steel-chisel point, becomes wedged in between thejaws.

My invention is for removing these difficulties by applying thedirectaction of water in a close chamber to give motion to the rocking jaw.For

this purpose I employ a close vessel of great strength, containing wateror other liquid, and at one side of this vessel is a cylinder andpiston, the rod of which acts upon the moving jaw.

The power is derived from a reciprocating plunger that is forced intothe liquid in the vessel, and, by the displacement thereof, moves thepiston outwardly, and thereby the hydraulic force is applied directlyupon the moving jaw without unnecessary loss by friction. I compensatefor any leakage of the liquid from the vessel by a supply that is drawnin whenever the plunger, in drawing back, produces a minus pressure. Iprovide a variable stop to regulate the return or opening movement ofthe jaw, and a safety-valve to prevent injury to the apparatus in caseof any substance getting between the jaws that cannot be crushed.

7 In the drawing, Figure l is a longitudinal section of the apparatus,and Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same.

The stationary jaw a is connected with the water-vessel b by the framesor side pieces 0, and between these is the moving jaw 01. These jaws aand d are to be of any desired construction, and adapt-ed to thecharacter of work to be performed. The jaw 61 is shown as swinging uponthe shaft or trunnions e, and a rod or rods, '9,

with an India-rubber or other spring, h, are employed to draw back thejaw and open the same, the spring resting against the cross-bearer k,and the nut i being applied to the rod 9 to regulate the force that actsto open the jaw and move the actuating ram in its return motion. Theactuating ram or pistonl is made to fit the cylindrical opening a in thewater-vessel b, and extends in the form of a rod or ram to the outerside of the moving jaw. I prefer that the said rod be spread so as totake a long horizontal bearing against the side of said jaw. Thedistance that the jaw 01 and ram b are allowed to move back is regulatedby the screw 0, that has a cylindrical rod passing through astuffing-box, p, and forming a stop that regulates the return movementof the said ram. The plunger 1, passing through the gland orstuffing-box s, is connected to a crank or other device forcommunicating a reciprocating motion, and the amount of movement shouldbe variable so as to be in proportion to the movement given to the jaw01 by the ram Z, for it will be apparent that when the ram or plungerris forced downinto the water in the vessel 12, the ram 1 will be movedby the pressure of the water due to the displace- 'ment by the plunger1', and when that plunger is raised, the ram and jaw will be allowed tomove back by the action of the springs h and rods g. The screw andplunger-rod t, passing through the gland u, are employed to displacesufficient water to prevent the existence of any space not filled withwater when the plunger 1" rises, for should such vacuum space exist, theplunger or ram 1 would not be moved by the descent of the plunger runtil such space had been filled with the water displaced by saidplunger 1".

In order to prevent injury to the parts in case any substance passesinto the stone-breaker that will not easily break, I employ thesafety-valve it properly weighted, so that any excess of pressure willopen the same, and allow the water to pass away to any suitablereservoir. The inlet- .Valve a in. a pipe leading to such reservoir maybe employed to allow water to be drawn into the vessel 1) as the plunger1" rises, in case there should not be sufficient in said vessel 1).

I have spoken herein of the vessel 11 containing water; but oil or otherliquid may be employed instead of water.

By this construction the stone-crushing apparatus is under the mostperfect control, and there is very little loss of power from friction.

I claim as my invention- 1. A hydraulic ram, reciprocated by areciprocating plunger acting upon the liquid in an inclosed vessel,substantially as set forth.

2. The stone-crushing jaws, combined with the ram l and reciprocatingplunger r, substantially as set forth.

3. The stop 0, ram 1, rods g, and springs h, in combination with themoving jaw d and stationary jaw a, as and for the purposes set forth.

4:- The adjustable displacement plunger t, in combination with theplunger 1*, ram Z, and water-vessel b, substantially as and for thepurposes set-forth.

5. The stone-crushing jaws, in combination with hydraulic mechanism,substantially as set forth, for moving one or both such jaws, as setforth.

Signed by me this 30th day of August, A. D. 1871.

Witnesses:

GEO. T. PINCKNEY. CHAS. H. SMITH.

A. H. SMITH.

